Electric abc lamp



(N9 Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 1.

W. HKLEES. BLBGTRIQARG LAMP. No. 501,884. Patented July 18, 15893. Fig.1l rige 111011101181.) 3` sheets-sheet 2.

w. 151'. KLBBS. ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

' No. 501,884. A Patented Ju1y 18, 1898.

n' Harney (No Model.) 8 sheets-sheen s. W. H. KLBBS. ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

No. 581,884. Patented July 18,-1893.

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7 H. Mw. Inventor. www M7181 Z E i likrnoy.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

VILLIAM H. KLEES, OF SUSQUEHANNA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO I-IMSELF ANDH. E. OUTWATER, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 501,884, dated July 18,1893. Application filed Jnne10, 1892. Serial No. 436,200. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may con/cern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. KLnEs, a citizen of the United States,residing in Susquehanna,in the county of Susquehanna and State ofPennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful lmprovementsinElectric Alternating-Current Lamps, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in electric lights wherebythe usual shadow directly below or to one side ot the lamp is avoided,andalso to certain details of construction, all of which will be fullyand clearly hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figurel is a side elevation of thelamp, the outside covering case and glass being omitted. Fig. 2 is areverse side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of thesame,looking in the direction of the arrow, V, Fig. 2, the carbons beingomitted. Fig. 4. is a sectional elevation cutting through the coils 2-9and 10, also through the upper and lower frame pieces and other parts,enough being cut away to expose the arrangement and construction of thegearing andits connecting parts. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the lampcomplete, showing the covering case and glass connected with it. Figs. Gand 7,are enlarged detached sectional elevations for showing thearrangement 0f the insulations in the lower portions of the lamp as willmore clearly hereinafter appear. Fig. 8, is a cross section through oneof the curved carbons, all beyond the section being omitted.

The object of my invention is to prevent the usual shadow directly belowor to one side of thelamp by the employment of curved carbons, and analternating electric current and also to render more effect-ive theoperation of the lamp.

Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2 represent two upper and lowercircular plates forming the top and bottom supporting pieces for thevertical frame pieces 2, which are rigidly secured thereto by screws,2"', or in any well known way. To the top plate, 1, are secured twosuspending loops 3 and 3, and between the said loops 3 and 3 and the topdisk 1, (above and below) is a suitable insulating material, 3 and Onthe under side ot the base plate, 2, are two downwardly projectingsupporting pieces 4. and 4.. These supporting pieces 4c and l1, arefirmly secured in place by screws, it. Inside of the supporting piece 4.and 4, firmly secured in place by screws 5, see Fig. 3, is two moresupporting downwardly projecting pieces 5 and 5, arranged so as toproject down between and parallel with the pieces 4 and 4h Between thepieces 4L and et and 5 and 5, are pivoted the carbon holder arms 6 and6, on short shafts Ge and (if, having at their outer ends the carbonholding jaws 7, and 7, between which the circular carbons S and 8 aresecured by thumbscrews 9. The coils 9 and 10, are insulated byinsulating disks 10, 11 and 11, which may be of any well known materialand are firmly secured to the two posts, 2, on that side of thesupporting frame, by cross-bars, 12, and screws, 13, similar to thecross-bars 12 12e, shown in the front view in Fig. 3, securing the coil14, in its place. The coils 9-J0 and 14, are hollow coils made in theusual way.

At the top just under the plate, 1, at each side of the device is adownwardly projecting fixed or stationary ear, 15, and between the twoears, 15, is pivoted, by pins, 16, a rocking frame, 17, and to the topof the coil, 9, is rigidly secured a fixed arm, 18, to which is pivotedan angular arm, 19, by a pin 20, shown more clearly in Fig. 4. At thetop of the angular arm, 19, is a slot, 21, through which a pin, 22,passes and is secured to the plates 23 and 23, one end of the pin 22,being secured to the plate 23 and the other end to the plate 23.

To the sides ot the rocking frame, 17, is pivoted by pins 24 a forkedbar 25, having its lower or single end 24,-, pivoted to the shorterportion of the angular arm, 19, by a pin 25, see Fig. 4. At each end ofthe rocking frame, 17, is pivoted by pins 26 and 26', a soft iron bar 27and 27, the bar 27 passing down through the center of the coils 9 and10, and the bar 27, passing down through the center of the coil, 14..These vertical bars 27 and 27, may be either solid bars or made of aseries ot wires secured together in the well known way.

On the cross-bar, 1 2, is a downwardly bent IOO hook portion, 28, andbetween the bars 23 and 23, is pivoted by a pin 28, a pawl arm 29,having a spring 30, to hold it downward and a pin, 31, which catches inbetween the teeth in the escapement wheel 32. At the opposite or freeend of the pawl arm, 29, is a curved forwardly projecting portion, 33,the under side-end of which rests on the hook portion, 28.

On the shaft 34, upon which the toothed Wheel 32 is mounted is a pinion,35, (shown by dotted lines) gearing in which is the toothed wheel, 36,which is mounted on a shaft, 37, having a small pinion, 38, mountedthereon. The pinion, 38, gears in with the toothed wheel, 39, which ismounted on a shaft 40, having a pinion 41, secured thereon. The pinion,41, gears in with the teeth in the wheel, 42, which is mounted on a pinor shaft 43. This shaft, 43, is the supporting shaft for the two plates23 and 23, in which are mounted the gearing shafts, 34, 37 and 40, so asto turn therein, the shaft, 43, being mounted in the plates or bars 5and 5, so that the upper portions of the gearing frame plates 23 and23,can swing slightly back and forth on the shaft To the wheel, 42, ispivoted by a pin, 44, an arm 45, having' its opposite end pivoted by apin 45, to two arms 46 and 46a, see F-ig. 3, where both arms 46 and46*PL are shown, and Fig. 4 where one of these arms is shown. The outerends of the pin 45 project into and are kept in line as they move up anddown, by the slideways, 57. The arm 46, is pivoted to a crank 460, whichis rigidly secured to the shaft 6-, and the arm, 46, is pivoted to acrank 46f, rigidly secured to the crank shaft, Gf, see Figs. 3 and 4.

On the shaft, 40, is secured a ratchet wheel, 47, (shown in dotted linesin Fig. 4,) which lies close against the wheel 39. This wheel, 39, ismounted on said shaft so as to turn loosely thereon and is provided witha pawl, 48, and a spring, 49, for keeping its free end in the ratchetteeth, also shown in dotted lilies. By this means the carbon arms can beeasily turned upward to insert new carbons when the old ones are burnedout, the shaft turning freely in the wheel, 39, but is prevented fromturning in the reverse direction by the pawl engaging with the ratchetwheel, so that when turning the carbon arms upward the gearing above itand the escapement Wheel and its several connecting parts are notinterfered with. The carbon arms may therefore be moved easily upwardbut cannot move downward again unless the operation of the escapementarm29, allows them to move. (See Fig. 4.)

From the above construction it will be seen that when the electriccurrent is on so as to draw the arm or bar, 27, downward, therebyturning the arm, 10, see Fig. 4, on its center or pivot, 20, through itsconnecting forked arm 25, and moving the gearing frame-bars 23, 23a, inthe direction of the arrow Vi (see Fig. 4) the end 33, of the escapementarm 29, will be drawn away from the part 28, thereby allowing the spring30, to act and keep the pin 31 in full engagement with the teeth on theescapement wheel 32, and thus prevent the movement of the cai-bonsdownward, until the action is reversed so as to cause the end, 33, ofthe escapement arm to move up over the inclined face of the portion, 28,and thereby lift the pin, 31, out of engagement with the escapementteeth of the wheel, 32, and vallow the carbons to move downward uutilthe action is again reversed when the operation is instantly arrested asabove mentioned. The current passes in at loop or binding post, 3,(which is insulated from the plate, 1, by a suitable insulation 30-32porcelain, rubber or their equivalent well known material) and travelsalong the wire 50, to

and through the coil, 10, thence along the.

wire 51, and down the supporting bar or bracket, 4, to carbon holder, 6,from thence to carbon 8, and coming in contact with carbon, 8, passesfrom thence through carbon holder 6 to and through bracket, 4, thence toloop 3, and to line. The wire, 51, is scoured to the block 52, by thebinding screw, 53. The block 52 (see Fig. 1), rests and is secured upona plate of insulating material, 54. rlhe supporting bar orbrackot, 4, isalso secured against a plate of insulating material, 55, by means of ascrew, 4G. Shunt, 14, is in shunt with coil, l0, and loop, 3. Thocurrent passing through main coil, 10, forms a magnetic attraction withthe Vertical bar, 27, thereby drawing it downward and causing` therocking' frame, 17, to move downward so as to lift the forked connectingrod, 25, and through the angular arm, 19, causing the gearing supportingframe to be thrown back, thereby separating the carbons sufficiently toform an arc. 1f the arc is too large the coil, 14, comes into action onthe vertical bar, 27, thereby causing the rocking frame, 17, to pulldownward on that sidetoward the coil 14, thereby causing bar 27, to liftup so as to throw the gearingsupportingframein the opposite direction,which operation carries the end 33 of the escapementarmupovertheportion, 28, thereby liftingthe pin, 31, out of the escapementwheel teeth so that the gearing is free to move and allow the carbons tocome together. In other words, the current passing through, 10, forms amagnetic attraction on, 27, causing that side of the rocking frame, 17,to pull down, thereby lifting up, 25, and throwing back the frame,23-232 thereby causing the pin, 31, to fall into the teeth of theescapement wheel, 32, so as to hold the gear wheels, 36-39 and 42 andthe intermediate connectingmechanism, and the carbons, stationary. Vhenthe gearing frame is turned back the other way it will lift up the arm,45, and cranks, 46c-461', and cause the carbon holders 6 and 6, to turnupward and thereby separate the carbons 8 and 8% The carbon holding arms6 and 6i, are each composed of two arms t and j, secured together at thebottom by the carbon holding jaws. 1t will be noticed that the arms, j,in,

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each pair ofarms are insulated by a suitable insulating material, 58,(india rubber or other similar material.) One of each pair of thesearms, (see Figs. 6 and 7) the arms, j, are secured rigidly by a setscrew, 59, to the shafts (ie and (if, while the other arms, t', are madeto run loosely on the thimbles, 66, which are secured over theinsulations, 62, by the screw nuts, 67, and parts, GS, on said shafts 6Cand Gf, so that while one arm of cach pair-of arms is rigidly secured toone of each of said shafts 6e and f, the other runs loosely on thethimbles, 66, mounted on and secured to the said shafts. The arms/L' andthe supporting bars 4 and 4, are each insulated from the said shafts andtheir cranks and other connecting portions by rubber or other well knowninsulating material 60-61 and 62, so that the current cannot pass fromone side of the lamp to the other except through the proper channel.

In Fig. 5,1 have represented the lamp complete with the outside casing,63, and glass globe, 64. The casing is provided with a hinge G5, so thatit may be opened to allow the lamp and carbons to be got at whenrequired.

It will be noticed that the gear wheel, 42, has some of the teeth cutaway at and between the points g and h, (see Fig. 4.) The object of thisis that when the carbons are worn away to within an inch or thereabout,the lamp will stop feeding when the open space between g and h, comesopposite the pinion 4l.

From the above description it will be noticed that this lamp is adaptedfor and is intended to be used with an alternating electric currentonly. It is well known that in using a direct electric current in an arclamp one carbon (the positive) is consumed much faster than the otherand that while in operation the positive carbon is hollowed out or madeconcave, and the negative is pointed. The result of this operation isthat the rays of light are thrown in one direction forward from theconcave end of the positive carbon which would render objectionable theuse of curved carbons such as I use because the rays of light would bethrown to one side instead of directly downward. The concave end of thepositive carbon casts a shadow at the rear of its concave end so thatthe light is thrown directly forward and to one side, as above stated.Another trouble with the direct electric current in an arc lamp, is thecomplication of mechanism required to vary the feed of the two carbons.The main object of my invention is to avoid these objections by adaptingan arc lamp provided with curved carbons having a flat bar shape ofrectangular cross section, to an alternating electric current whichwhile in operation keeps both carbons pointed and consumes each carbonalike so that both carbons move together until consumed and the light iscast directly downward instead of to one side.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In an alternating current arc lamp, the

combination, with a support, of carbon holders movably secured thereto,two hollow magnets in the support, an oscillatory frame within thesupport, each end of which frame is provided with a core pivotally1secured thereto, said cores passing down into the magnets, side piecespivotally secured at their lower ends to the support and provided with atrain of gearing, one end of which train is connected with the carbonholders, an angle lever, one arm of which is connected with the top ofthe plate and the other arm is connected with the frame, and a lockingand releasing mechanism for the opposite end of the train of gearing forregulating the movement of the carbon holders by the movement of theframe, substantially as set forth.

2. In an alternating current arc lamp, the combination, with a support,of carbon holders movably secured thereto, two hollow magnets within thesupport, an oscillatory frame within the support, each end of which isprovided with a core to pass into magnets, side pieces pivotally securedat their lower ends to the support and connected with the carbonholders, an arm secured to one of the magnets, an angle lever pivotallysecured to the arm, the end of one of the arms of which angle lever isslotted and pivotally secured to the side pieces, a bifurcated barsecured to the end of the other arm of the lever and with the frame, andmeans for locking and releasing the opposite end of the train of gearingas the frame and side pieces are oscillated back and forth, whereby themovements of the carbon holders are regulated, substantially as setforth.

3. In an alternating current arc lamp, the combination, with a supportprovided with depending supporting pieces, a slide way upon each piece,two carbon holders pivotally secured in the lower ends of said pieces,the inner end of the shaft of each holder being provided with a crank, atrain of gearing, a jointed connection between the cranks and the lastwheel of the train of gearing, the ends of the pivot of which connectionengage with the slide way of the depending pieces, and means forregulating the movement of the train of gearing, substantially as setforth.

4. In an electric lamp, the combination of two electro magnets, theirsoft iron cores 27 and 279, a pivoted rocking frame connecting saidcores, a pivoted swinging gear-holding frame carrying an escapementwheel and its connecting gearing for operating the carbon holders, aspring for holding the escapement arm in engagement with the escapementwheel and an inclined faced portion secured to a stationary portion ofthe lamp for throwing said escapement arm out of engagement with theescapement wheel every time the gear holding frame is moved toward it,substantially as described.

5. In an electric lamp, the combination with two carbon holders, eachconsisting of a pair of arms, one of each of which is rigidly connectedto its pivotal shaft and the other arm ICO of each adapted to runloosely thereon, one carbon holder being insulated from the other asabove described, a crank firmly connected to eachshaft each having anarm pivoted thereto and kept in line at that pivotal point by slideways,a connecting rod pivoted at the opposite ends of said arms having itsupper end pivoted to a gear Wheel connected with a train of gear Wheelsand an escapement wheel and its several operating parts, a pivoted framecarrying the gear wheels and the escapement pawl arm, a stationaryinclined plate secured to the frame of the lamp and against which theend of the pawl moves While

